Standard Abundance Distribution of Elements in the Universe and Magic Numbers with Boltzmann Probability

Abstract

The decay of the standard abundance distribution of elements in the Universe for heavy elements has well-know maxima near magic numbers of the nuclear shell model and deep minima in between. Combining the maxima as a generation probability N (Z) on the proton number Z of the nuclides, a Boltzmann probability shows decay N (Z) = N’ exp (-Z/Z’). The result of Z’ = 10 has consequences on the foundation of the magic numbers, on the quark structure of the shell and determines new higher magic numbers.