Selection of Kalmyk Cattle in Kazakhstan

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to determine the precocity of Kalmyk cattle breeding stock in Kazakhstan and the accuracy of productivity assessment by indices of breeding value. It is established that calves are born with a live weight of 22.4-25.7 kg, at the age of six months they reach a live weight of 165.2-175.3 kg. The average daily increase in live weight during 180 days is 787.2-840.8 g. In the first months of development from birth to one-year-old age, the daily increase is 1401-1586 g, from 210 days of age 169-219 g, from birth to one-year-old age 878-1006 g. The indices of breeding value were by live weight: At birth -5.16 and +5.00, at weaning -13.13 and +11.71, at one-year-old -16.92 and +17.41, adults -36.00 and +33.17. The indices of breeding value for milk production amounted to -16.39 and +16.25. The index of breeding value of daily growth of young Kalmyk cattle in 2022 from birth 205 days -346.25 and 29183, from 205 days of age to one-year-old -444.64 and +446.28, from birth to one-year-old -555.88 and 611.74. In 2023, the index of breeding value showed -203.17 and 259.03 from birth to one year of age. The shared distribution of accuracy was shown by qualitative replenishment of the database of the information-analytical system according to productive indicators. This indicates a potential opportunity in breeding to increase the average daily increase In 18-month-old Kalmyk bull-calves of the Kazakhstan population, the height at the withers was 126.5-126.8 cm, the height at the rump was 134.2-134.6 cm, the chest depth was 672-67.5 cm, the chest width was 45.2-46.1 cm, the oblique body length was 143.5-144.2 cm, the chest girth 192.5-196.4 cm, metacarpus girth 21.5-21.7 cm, width at the hip joints 42.8-43.2 cm, width at the coxal joints 44.4-44.6 cm, width at the ischial tuberosities -27.8-28.3 cm.