The Potential of VipAlbumin® to Chronic Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Balb/C Mice Model

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of diseases which have increasing number of sufferers every year. Almost all DM patients are type 2 DM. One of the causes of type 2 DM is a chronic inflammation due to an increase of circulating proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6. VipAlbumin® from snakehead fish extract is expected to be useful as an alternative treatment of type 2 DM because of its proinflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of VipAlbumin® on regulatory T cell activation, macrophage cells, proinflammatory cytokines and NF-κB. The experiments were done by inducing mice model of type 2 DM with STZ 100 mg/kg BW and then gave them oral administration of VipAlbumin® 0 mg/g BW, 0.01664 mg/g BW, 0.0416 mg/g BW and 10.4 mg/g BW for 14 days. The data were statistically analyzed with one way ANOVA with significance value 0.05% and Tukey test using SPSS version 16 for Windows. The results showed the decreasing number of regulatory T cells in type 2 DM mice, increasing number of macrophage cells and proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6 as well as the increasing number of NF-κB as a transcription factor of inflammatory mediators in CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells and macrophages (CD68⁺) compared to healthy mice (p≤0.05). Oral administration of VipAlbumin® for 14 days was proven to cure type 2 DM mice (K⁺) by increasing the number of regulatory T cells, decreasing the number of macrophage cells and proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6 and inhibiting NF-κin T lymphocytes CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and macrophages at the level equivalent to healthy mice and significantly different (p<0.05) compared with K+ group.